Axis Advanced or Retreats

Axis campaigns in the Atlantic were mainly trying to cut off Great Britain's supply lines. The Germans did this by using U-Boats much like they did in the First World War. Although the U-Boats were almost completely beaten by 1943, the battle still lasted the remainder of the war. The Germans continued to launch attacks to  the Indian ocean, Caribbean and to the Irish Sea. They also attacked all along the South and the North Atlantic, all the way to the Bering Sea and along Norway and the route to Murmansk. the Germans U-Boat operation in which Erich Raeder, the Grand Admiral, was head of until he was replaced by Karl Donitz in 1943. The Germans lost seven hundred and eighty-three U-boats, numerous surface ships and twenty-eight thousand sailors.